Challenge: Existing models with black-box nature obscure decision-making process and lack interpretability.
Approach: They propose a multi-head graph attention-based prototypical network that uses a vector and prototypes to learn an interpretable prototypical representation.
Outcome: The proposed model achieves superior results without sacrificing the accuracy of the original black-box LMs.

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Challenge: Existing methods for interpreting LLMs are post hoc and focus on low-level features and lack of explainability at higher-level text units.
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GAP: A Graph-aware Language Model Framework for Knowledge Graph-to-Text Generation (2022.coling-1)

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Challenge: Recent improvements in KG-to-text generation are due to additional pre-training tasks . these tasks require extensive computational resources while only suggesting marginal improvements.
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Pretraining Language Models with Text-Attributed Heterogeneous Graphs (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing pretraining tasks for Language Models (LMs) focus on learning the textual information of each entity and overlook the crucial aspect of capturing topological connections among entities in TAHGs.
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Roles and Utilization of Attention Heads in Transformer-based Neural Language Models (2020.acl-main)

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Challenge: Sentence encoders based on transformer architectures have shown promising results on various natural language understanding tasks.
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Syntax-Enhanced Pre-trained Model (2021.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods that use syntax of text in pre-training and fine-tuning suffer from discrepancy between the two stages.
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PROMINET: Prototype-based Multi-View Network for Interpretable Email Response Prediction (2023.emnlp-industry)

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Challenge: a new study examines email marketing performance by considering email content and metadata.
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Deciphering Stereotypes in Pre-Trained Language Models (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Current approaches for examining stereotypes in PLMs require intricate human knowledge about these stereotypes and entail careful manual curation of examples.
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Contrastive Document Representation Learning with Graph Attention Networks (2021.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing methods for document representation learning are significantly affected by the scarcity of document-level data.
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Explanation Graph Generation via Generative Pre-training over Synthetic Graphs (2023.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing frameworks for explanation graph generation are limited due to the large number of datasets available.
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Incorporating Residual and Normalization Layers into Analysis of Masked Language Models (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Transformer architecture is composed of multi-head attention, which has been extensively analyzed.
Approach: They extended the scope of the analysis of Transformers from solely the attention patterns to the whole attention block, i.e., multi-head attention, residual connection, and layer normalization.
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