Challenge: Parameter-Efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) adapts large language models to specific domains by updating only a small portion of the parameters.
Approach: They propose a framework for better integrating usage of multiple adapters by training a middleman adapter to select the appropriate adapter for inference.
Outcome: The proposed framework can perform cross-domain multi-tasks effectively through the utilization of a compact model in combination with multiple LoRA modules.

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LLM-Adapters: An Adapter Family for Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning of Large Language Models (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have shown unprecedented performance across various tasks.
Approach: They propose an easy-to-use framework that integrates adapters into LLMs . they evaluate adapters on 14 datasets from two different reasoning tasks .
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MoRE: A Mixture of Low-Rank Experts for Adaptive Multi-Task Learning (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized various domains, offering unprecedented performance across numerous tasks.
Approach: They propose a new Mixture of Low-Rank Experts (MoRE) for multi-task PEFT to improve performance of LLMs with fewer parameters.
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MoA: Heterogeneous Mixture of Adapters for Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning of Large Language Models (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods for parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) are limited by computational costs and performance degradation.
Approach: They propose a method that integrates Low-Rank Adaptation and Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) they propose combining expert load imbalance and representation collapse to improve LLM performance .
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LoRA on the Go: Instance-level Dynamic LoRA Selection and Merging (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a parameter-efficient approach for fine-tuning large language models.
Approach: They propose a low-rank Adaptation framework that automatically selects and merges LoRA adapters at the instance level without additional training.
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Hit the Nail on the Head: Parameter-Efficient Multi-task Tuning via Human Language Intervention (2024.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Recent studies show that PEFT on small pre-trained language models improves multitasking capabilities.
Approach: They propose a multi-task learning framework that enables transfer of prior knowledge across tasks . they attach task descriptions to input samples and map them to task embeddings .
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From Bottom to Top: Extending the Potential of Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods to fine-tune large language models primarily focus on the interaction between different layers, ignoring the fact that different layers store different information.
Approach: They propose a Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning method which freeze pre-trained parameters and fine-tunes only a few task-specific parameters.
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Unlocking Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning for Low-Resource Language Translation (2024.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods are important in low-resource language (LRL) Neural Machine Translation (NMT) but their practical effectiveness varies significantly across different languages.
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When does Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning Work for Machine Translation? (2022.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Prior work indicates that parametric fine-tuning methods may not work as well for machine translation (MT).
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LoraRetriever: Input-Aware LoRA Retrieval and Composition for Mixed Tasks in the Wild (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is an effective yet efficient solution for fine-tuning large language models.
Approach: They propose a low-rank Adaptation framework that retrieves and composes multiple LoRAs according to input prompts.
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PEFT-Factory: Unified Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning of Autoregressive Large Language Models (2026.eacl-demo)

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Challenge: Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods address the increasing size of Large Language Models (LLMs).
Approach: They propose a framework for efficient fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) they aim to train only a small percentage of the full model's parameters .
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