Challenge: Emojis have gained immense popularity on social media platforms, serving as a common means to supplement or replace text.
Approach: They propose a graph pre-train framework for text and emoji co-modeling that incorporates two tasks: node-level graph contrastive learning and edge-level link reconstruction learning.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves on the Xiaohongshu and Twitter datasets with two types of downstream tasks.

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Incorporating Emoji Descriptions Improves Tweet Classification (N19-1)

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Challenge: Tweets are short messages that often include specialized language such as hashtags and emojis.
Approach: They propose a simple strategy to replace emojis with their natural language description and use pretrained word embeddings to process tweets.
Outcome: The proposed method is more effective than pretrained emoji embeddings for tweet classification.
Exploring Graph Pre-training for Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing studies tend to extract the sentiment elements in a generative manner to avoid complex modeling of sentiment elements.
Approach: They propose a generative model with an Element-level Graph Pre-training paradigm and a Task Decomposition Pre- training paradigm to make it generalizable and robust against irregular sentiment quadruples.
Outcome: The proposed model is generalizable and robust against irregular sentiment quadruples.
Classifying the Informative Behaviour of Emoji in Microblogs (L18-1)

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Challenge: Emoji are pictographs used in microblogs as emotion markers, but can also represent a wider range of concepts.
Approach: They analyze a corpus of tweets pairs and classify emoji with respect to redundancy . they propose to further investigate the informative behaviour of e-mails using eoji .
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Pretraining Language Models with Text-Attributed Heterogeneous Graphs (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing pretraining tasks for Language Models (LMs) focus on learning the textual information of each entity and overlook the crucial aspect of capturing topological connections among entities in TAHGs.
Approach: They propose a topology-aware pretraining task that explicitly considers the topological and heterogeneous information in TAHGs by optimizing an LM and an auxiliary heterogenous graph neural network.
Outcome: The proposed framework explicitly considers the topological and heterogeneous information in TAHGs.
Pre-trained Semantic Interaction based Inductive Graph Neural Networks for Text Classification (2025.coling-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods for text classification have vanishing or exploding gradients when dealing with long sequences, making it difficult to handle long-distance dependencies.
Approach: They propose a graph neural network based on pre-trained semantic interaction called PaSIG . they construct a text-word heterogeneity graph and use context representation capability .
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EmoTag1200: Understanding the Association between Emojis and Emotions (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Emojis are increasingly used to convey affect, but their use is not trivial.
Approach: They propose to use human-solicited association ratings to explore the connection between emojis and emotions to conduct experiments.
Outcome: The proposed method can be inferred from word-level information when high-quality information is available.
What A Sunny Day ☔: Toward Emoji-Sensitive Irony Detection (D19-55)

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Challenge: Existing datasets for irony detection only contain 10% of ironic tweets with emojis . 45% of internet users in the united states use an e-moji in social media .
Approach: They propose to use emojis to analyze irony detection datasets to train classifiers.
Outcome: The proposed pipeline can be used to analyze irony detection datasets using emojis.
Exploiting Twitter as Source of Large Corpora of Weakly Similar Pairs for Semantic Sentence Embeddings (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Semantic sentence embeddings are usually supervisedly built minimizing distances between pairs of embeddable sentences labelled as semantically similar by annotators.
Approach: They propose a language-independent approach to build large datasets of pairs of informal texts weakly similar, without manual human effort, exploiting Twitter’s powerful signals of relatedness: replies and quotes of tweets.
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Leveraging Training Dynamics and Self-Training for Text Classification (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is a promising technique for improving deep learning models when training data is scarce.
Approach: They propose a semi-supervised learning approach that leverages training dynamics of unlabeled data.
Outcome: The proposed method achieves an average increase in F1 score of 3.5% over baselines in low resource settings.
Multi-resolution Annotations for Emoji Prediction (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Emojis are able to express various linguistic components, such as emotions, sentiments, events, etc. emojis have the merit of preserving information more densely, compared to words, argues a new study.
Approach: They propose to use passage-level and aspect-level emoji annotations to predict the proper emmojis associated with text.
Outcome: The proposed method is heuristically generated and validated with a pre-trained BERT model.

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