Challenge: Word Usage Graphs (WUGs) represent word sense clusters from simple pairwise word use judgments.
Approach: They propose to use a weighted graph to represent human semantic proximity judgments for pairs of word uses to infer word sense clusters from simple pairwise word use judgments.
Outcome: The proposed approach can be applied in a Word Sense Induction (WSI) setting or for Word sense disambiguation (WSD) it is the first and to date largest manually annotated, diachronic WUG dataset.

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DWUG: A large Resource of Diachronic Word Usage Graphs in Four Languages (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods for graded contextual word meaning annotation have not been implemented yet.
Approach: They propose a multi-round incremental annotation process and a clustering algorithm to group usages into senses to create a large-scale dataset.
Outcome: The proposed method is the largest resource of graded contextualized, diachronic word meaning annotation in four different languages, based on 100,000 human semantic proximity judgments.
Enriching Word Usage Graphs with Cluster Definitions (2024.lrec-main)

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Challenge: Existing word usage graphs lack human interpretability of senses.
Approach: They propose to enrich existing word usage graphs with cluster labels functioning as sense definitions.
Outcome: The proposed dataset matches the definitions chosen from WordNet by two baseline systems.
A Short Survey on Sense-Annotated Corpora (2020.lrec-1)

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Challenge: Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is a key task in Natural Language Understanding.
Approach: They propose to use sense-annotated corpora for supervised Word Sense Disambiguation.
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The DURel Annotation Tool: Human and Computational Measurement of Semantic Proximity, Sense Clusters and Semantic Change (2024.eacl-demo)

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Challenge: DURel is an open source tool for semantic proximity between word uses.
Approach: They present an open-source tool for the annotation of semantic proximity between word uses.
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DiaWUG: A Dataset for Diatopic Lexical Semantic Variation in Spanish (2022.lrec-1)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to dialectology have been limited and rarely address language variation regarding lexical meaning.
Approach: They propose to use existing framework DURel and framework-embedded Word Usage Graphs to distinguish, visualize and interpret diatopic lexical semantic variation of contextualized words in Spanish from these perspectives.
Outcome: The proposed dataset exploits existing frameworks for annotating word senses in context and framework-embedded Word Usage Graphs (WUGs) . it distinguishes, visualizes and interprets lexical semantic variation of contextualized words in Spanish from these two perspectives, i.e., semasiological and onomasiology.
Huge Automatically Extracted Training-Sets for Multilingual Word SenseDisambiguation (L18-1)

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Challenge: Word Sense Disambiguation is a crucial task in Natural Language Processing . supervised systems need to be trained on word-by-word basis, a problem that is beyond reach for resource-rich languages like English.
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Proceedings of the First Workshop on Aggregating and Analysing Crowdsourced Annotations for NLP (D19-59)

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Challenge: The first workshop on crowdsourcing for NLP is open to all .
Approach: The first workshop on crowdsourcing annotations for NLP is held at the acl.com . the workshop will focus on methods for aggregating and analysing crowdsourced data for Nl-specific tasks.
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Proceedings of the Thirteenth Workshop on Graph-Based Methods for Natural Language Processing (TextGraphs-13) (D19-53)

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Challenge: TextGraphs is a workshop on graph-based methods for natural language processing . the workshop is being organized in conjunction with the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing .
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WiC: the Word-in-Context Dataset for Evaluating Context-Sensitive Meaning Representations (N19-1)

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Challenge: Existing word embeddings cannot model the dynamic nature of words’ semantics, i.e., the property of words to correspond to potentially different meanings.
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Pragmatics in the Era of Large Language Models: A Survey on Datasets, Evaluation, Opportunities and Challenges (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: linguistics studies how context influences meaning of language and how people use it to convey implied meanings, emotions, and intentions.
Approach: They analyze task designs, data collection methods, evaluation approaches and their relevance to real-world applications.
Outcome: The findings highlight emerging trends, challenges, and gaps in existing benchmarks . the findings will contribute to more nuanced and context-aware NLP models .

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