Challenge: Language models suffer from poor interpretability and transparency, as well as the intrinsic risk of hallucination and misinformation.
Approach: They propose a statistical framework that assesses how well a query can be answered by an RAG system by capturing the relevance of knowledge.
Outcome: The proposed framework assesses how well a query can be answered by an RAG system by capturing the relevance of knowledge.

Similar Papers

RE-RAG: Improving Open-Domain QA Performance and Interpretability with Relevance Estimator in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (2024.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing approaches to retrieval augmented generation (RAG) are based on parametric knowledge and external knowledge.
Approach: They propose a weakly supervised method for training a relevance estimator (RE) that provides relative relevance between contexts as previous rerankers did, and provides confidence, which can be used to classify whether given context is useful for answering the given question.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves previously unreferenced large language models and can be trained with a small generator without labels for correct contexts.
Know Your RAG: Dataset Taxonomy and Generation Strategies for Evaluating RAG Systems (2025.coling-industry)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are widespread in the industry.
Approach: They propose to use Q&A datasets to assess retrieval performance and label-targeted data generation to refine RAG datasets.
Outcome: The proposed system can generate Q&A datasets with fine-tuned small LLMs.
Probing-RAG: Self-Probing to Guide Language Models in Selective Document Retrieval (2025.findings-naacl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods to optimize retrieve-and-generate processes for real-world scenarios may not be optimal for large language models.
Approach: They propose a Probing-RAG which utilizes hidden state representations from the intermediate layers of language models to adaptively determine the necessity of additional retrievals for a given query.
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms previous methods while reducing the number of redundant retrieval steps.
REAR: A Relevance-Aware Retrieval-Augmented Framework for Open-Domain Question Answering (2024.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods to extend knowledge scope of large language models (LLMs) lack internal parametric knowledge, resulting in misusing external knowledge.
Approach: They propose a retrieval-augmented approach that provides LLMs with potentially relevant documents through a module.
Outcome: The proposed approach outperforms existing methods on four open-domain QA tasks.
Enhancing Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Study of Best Practices (2025.coling-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Retrieval-augmented generation systems have shown remarkable advancements by integrating retrieval mechanisms into language models, enhancing their ability to produce more accurate and contextually relevant responses.
Approach: They propose to integrate query expansion, various novel retrieval strategies, and a Contrastive In-Context Learning RAG to improve response quality.
Outcome: The proposed RAGs incorporate query expansion, various novel retrieval strategies, and a novel Contrastive In-Context Learning RAG.
Towards Knowledge Checking in Retrieval-augmented Generation: A Representation Perspective (2025.naacl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing studies have shown that LLMs struggle to identify the boundaries of their own knowledge and tend to prioritize external information over internal knowledge learned during pre-training.
Approach: They conduct a comprehensive analysis of LLM representation behaviors and demonstrate the significance of using representations in knowledge checking.
Outcome: The proposed classifiers improve performance even when dealing with noisy knowledge databases.
Fact, Fetch, and Reason: A Unified Evaluation of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (2025.naacl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced their capabilities across various cognitive tasks.
Approach: They propose a high-quality evaluation dataset to test LLMs' ability to provide factual responses, assess retrieval capabilities, and evaluate the reasoning required to generate final answers.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves performance in end-to-end RAG scenarios.
Does RAG Introduce Unfairness in LLMs? Evaluating Fairness in Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systems (2025.coling-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) models address fairness concerns with respect to sensitive attributes such as gender, geographic location, and other demographic factors.
Approach: They propose a framework to evaluate fairness in RAG using scenario-based questions and analyzing disparities across demographic attributes.
Outcome: The proposed framework analyzes disparities across demographic attributes and identifies fairness issues in retrieval and generation stages.
Retrieval-augmented Generation across Heterogeneous Knowledge (2022.naacl-srw)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods for retrieving knowledge from a single source homogeneous corpus have been gaining increasing attention in the field of natural language processing (NLP) however, they still suffer from the following drawbacks: (i) They are usually trained offline, making the model agnostic to the latest information, e.g., asking a chat-bot about COVID-19.
Approach: They propose to use a single-source homogeneous corpus to generate retrieval-augmented generation models that can learn from the pre-training corpus.
Outcome: The proposed methods have been applied to various knowledge-intensive NLP tasks, but most of the work has focused on retrieving unstructured text documents from Wikipedia.
“Knowing When You Don’t Know”: A Multilingual Relevance Assessment Dataset for Robust Retrieval-Augmented Generation (2024.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Prior work on RAG grounds Large Language Models to reduce factual hallucinations lacks a comprehensive evaluation of different language families.
Approach: They propose a human-annotated dataset for evaluating LLM robustness in RAG . they find that most models struggle to balance the two capacities .
Outcome: The proposed dataset includes both a non-relevant and a relevant subset.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations