Challenge: Existing models for Vietnamese that perform well on downstream tasks, such as Question answering, are based on Transformer.
Approach: They propose a pre-trained monolingual Vietnamese model with three versions . they fine-tune and evaluate the model on three important natural language downstream tasks, Part-of-speech tagging, Named-entity recognition, and Question answering.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms the existing model on three important natural language downstream tasks, Part-of-speech tagging, Named-entity recognition, and Question answering.

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Challenge: Experimental results show that PhoBERT outperforms the recent best pre-trained multilingual model XLM-R in multiple Vietnamese-specific NLP tasks.
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Challenge: Recent large-scale language models show remarkable achievements in key NLP tasks such as Question Answering and Text Summarization.
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Challenge: **ViLegalLM** is the first suite of Vietnamese pretrained language models for legal text understanding and generation.
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Challenge: a lack of standard evaluation metrics and benchmarks makes it difficult to identify strengths of Vietnamese NLP models.
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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) and their applications in low-resource languages are limited due to lack of training data and benchmarking datasets.
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