Challenge: Existing studies on parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods require additional measures after pre-training and before fine-uning.
Approach: They propose to take parameter-efficient fine-tuning into consideration after pre-training and before fine-uning and use meta-learning to prime a model specifically for parameter-efficiency.
Outcome: The proposed method improves on a pre-trained model with certain modifications and achieves 4.96 points on cross-lingual NER fine-tuning.

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Challenge: Recent research has illuminated the possibility of selective parameter-efficient fine-tuning, which retains the inference speed of the original model and comes at no additional computational cost.
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Challenge: Large-scale language models with millions, billions, or trillions of trainable parameters are becoming increasingly popular.
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Challenge: Prior work indicates that parametric fine-tuning methods may not work as well for machine translation (MT).
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Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning without Introducing New Latency (2023.acl-long)

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Challenge: Parameter-efficient fine-tuning of pre-trained language models has been demonstrated to be effective, but its inherent characteristics limit its performance.
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Recipes for Adapting Pre-trained Monolingual and Multilingual Models to Machine Translation (2021.eacl-main)

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