Challenge: Distant supervision reduces the reliance on human annotation in named entity recognition tasks.
Approach: They propose a class-rebalancing self-training framework for improving distantly-supervised named entity recognition by using a flexible threshold and a hybrid pseudo label.
Outcome: The proposed model achieves state-of-the-art on five flat and two nested datasets and compares with other methods on the same dataset.

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Label Refinement via Contrastive Learning for Distantly-Supervised Named Entity Recognition (2022.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Existing methods to locate and classify entities using knowledge bases and unlabeled corpus are expensive and limited application.
Approach: They propose to use a method to directly learn the distant label refinement knowledge by imitating annotations of different qualities and comparing them in contrastive learning frameworks.
Outcome: The proposed method can give modified suggestions on distant data without additional supervised labels and thus reduces the requirement on the quality of the knowledge bases.
Improving Self-training for Cross-lingual Named Entity Recognition with Contrastive and Prototype Learning (2023.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods to bridge the linguistic gap between self-training and monolingual named entity recognition (NER) however, due to sub-optimal performance on target languages, the pseudo labels are noisy and limit the overall performance.
Approach: They propose to combine representation learning and pseudo label refinement in one coherent framework to improve self-training for cross-lingual named entity recognition (NER)
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Improving the Robustness of Distantly-Supervised Named Entity Recognition via Uncertainty-Aware Teacher Learning and Student-Student Collaborative Learning (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Named Entity Recognition (NER) methods require a substantial quantity of high-quality annotation for training models.
Approach: They propose a method to reduce the number of incorrect pseudo labels in self-training . they propose 'uncertainty-aware teacher learning' and 'student-student collaboration'
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Distantly-Supervised Named Entity Recognition with Noise-Robust Learning and Language Model Augmented Self-Training (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Named entity recognition models require abundant high-quality annotations to train . distant supervision may induce incomplete and noisy labels, making supervised learning ineffective.
Approach: They propose a noise-robust learning scheme for training named entity recognition models using only distantly-labeled data and a self-training method that uses contextualized augmentations created by pre-trained language models.
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms existing supervised NER models on three datasets by significant margins.
Improving Distantly-Supervised Named Entity Recognition with Self-Collaborative Denoising Learning (2021.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Named entity recognition (NER) is a method of detecting entity spans and classifying them into predefined categories.
Approach: They propose a method to iteratively perform noisy label refinery by using self-collaborative denoising learning.
Outcome: The proposed learning paradigm exploits reliable labels and communicates with unreliable annotations by collaborative denoising.
Improving Distantly-Supervised Named Entity Recognition with Self-Collaborative Denoising Learning (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Named entity recognition (NER) is a method of detecting entity spans and classifying them into predefined categories.
Approach: They propose a method to iteratively perform noisy label refinery by using self-collaborative denoising learning.
Outcome: The proposed learning paradigm exploits reliable labels and communicates with unreliable annotations by collaborative denoising.
Coarse-to-Fine Pre-training for Named Entity Recognition (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a task of discovering information entities and identifying their corresponding categories.
Approach: They propose a NER-specific framework to inject coarse-to-fine named entity knowledge into pre-trained models by using a remote supervision strategy.
Outcome: The proposed framework achieves significant improvements against several pre-trained base-lines, demonstrating its effectiveness in label-few and low-resource scenarios.
Learning to Denoise Distantly-Labeled Data for Entity Typing (N19-1)

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Challenge: Distantly-labeled data can be used to scale up statistical models, but it is noisy . specialized probabilistic models can be employed to scale the training of models, however, they require sophisticated probabilistic inference for the training.
Approach: They propose a method for denoising and denoising noisy data with supervised training.
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Distantly Supervised Named Entity Recognition via Confidence-Based Multi-Class Positive and Unlabeled Learning (2022.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods for named entity recognition suffer from incomplete annotations due to incompleteness of external knowledge bases.
Approach: They propose a method to solve the named entity recognition problem under distant supervision using dictionaries and knowledge bases.
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms existing methods on two benchmark datasets labeled by various knowledge bases.
Toward Fully Exploiting Heterogeneous Corpus:A Decoupled Named Entity Recognition Model with Two-stage Training (2021.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a fundamental and widely used task in natural language processing.
Approach: They propose a decoupled NER model with two-stage training to take advantage of heterogeneous corpus, including dictionaries, distantly supervised instances, and human-annotated instances.
Outcome: Empirical results show that the proposed model improves against baselines and can be scaled to a large extent.

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