Challenge: Recent studies have shown that ML models can be fine-tuned on as much data as possible without degradation in performance metrics.
Approach: They evaluate the applicability of influence scores in language classification tasks by random sampling and stress-testing one of the scores.
Outcome: The proposed model can be fine-tuned on 50% of the original data without degradation in performance metrics.

Similar Papers

Unlearning Traces the Influential Training Data of Language Models (2024.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable abilities without being explicitly trained for such tasks.
Approach: They propose a method that unlearns a test dataset and evaluates the unlearned model on training datasets.
Outcome: The proposed method resembles UnTrac, while being efficient for massive training datasets.
Do Influence Functions Work on Large Language Models? (2025.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Influence functions are important for quantifying the impact of individual training data points on a model’s predictions.
Approach: They conduct a systematic study to address a key question: do influence functions work on large language models?
Outcome: The influence functions perform poorly across multiple tasks and are therefore unsuitable for large language models.
Make Every Example Count: On the Stability and Utility of Self-Influence for Learning from Noisy NLP Datasets (2023.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Increasingly larger datasets have become a standard ingredient to advancing the state-of-the-art in NLP, however, data quality might have already become the bottleneck to unlock further gains.
Approach: They propose a general method for improving model performance in the presence of noisy training data based on self-influence and bandit curriculum learning.
Outcome: The proposed method improves model performance in machine translation, question answering and text classification, building up on approaches to self-influence calculation and automated curriculum learning.
Improving Influence-based Instruction Tuning Data Selection for Balanced Learning of Diverse Capabilities (2025.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Influence-based methods show promise in achieving (1), but often struggle with (2) . data selection is often biased towards high-influence tasks, harming performance on them .
Approach: They propose a Balanced and Influential Data Selection algorithm that normalizes influence scores of training data and iteratively chooses the training example with the highest influence on the most underrepresented task.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms both state-of-the-art influence-based methods and non-influence-based frameworks on seven benchmarks spanning five diverse capabilities.
Explaining Pre-Trained Language Models with Attribution Scores: An Analysis in Low-Resource Settings (2024.lrec-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Currently, prompt-based models are gaining popularity due to their easier adaptability in low-resource settings.
Approach: They analyze attribution scores extracted from prompt-based models w.r.t. plausibility and faithfulness and compare them with attribution score extracted from fine-tuned models and large language models.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms attention and Integrated Gradients in plausibility and faithfulness, while fine-tuning models are harder to explain in low-resource settings.
Explaining Black Box Predictions and Unveiling Data Artifacts through Influence Functions (2020.acl-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Modern deep learning models for NLP are notoriously opaque, and this has motivated efforts to design example-specific approaches to interpret such models.
Approach: They propose to use influence functions to explain models by highlighting important words in input text to provide models with an explanation.
Outcome: The proposed approach is particularly useful for natural language inference, a task in which ‘saliency maps’ may not have clear interpretation.
JI2S: Joint Influence‐Aware Instruction Data Selection for Efficient Fine‐Tuning (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Prior selection strategies score samples using generalpurpose LLMs, leveraging their strong language understanding but introducing inherent biases that misalign with the target model’s behavior and yield unstable downstream performance.
Approach: They propose a framework that jointly models marginal and combinatorial influences within sample groups and evaluate them on Open LLM Benchmarks, MTBench, and GPT4–judged pairwise comparisons.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms fulldataset training and strong baselines on Open LLM Benchmarks, MTBench, and GPT4–judged pairwise comparisons.
Farewell to Aimless Large-scale Pretraining: Influential Subset Selection for Language Model (2023.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Pretrained language models have achieved remarkable success in various natural language processing tasks.
Approach: They propose to use end-task knowledge to select a tiny subset of pretraining corpus to influence performance.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms pretrained models on eight datasets covering four domains with 0.45% of the data and a three-orders-of-magnitude lower computational cost.
In2Core: Leveraging Influence Functions for Coreset Selection in Instruction Finetuning of Large Language Models (2024.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit surprising abilities across a variety of language tasks.
Approach: They propose an algorithm which selects a coreset by analyzing correlation between training and evaluation samples with a trained model.
Outcome: The proposed algorithm can achieve similar performance with just 50% of the training data while preserving the accuracy of the existing model.
Efficient Multi-Agent System Training with Data Influence-Oriented Tree Search (2026.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Language Model (LLM) based multi-agent systems (MAS) have high potential for tackling complex tasks through collaborative intelligence.
Approach: They propose a framework that incorporates influence scores to guide tree search and data selection in data synthesis.
Outcome: The proposed framework incorporates influence scores to guide tree search and data selection in data synthesis.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations