Challenge: Prompt-based learning inherits the vulnerability from pre-training, where model predictions can be misled by inserting triggers into the text.
Approach: They propose a potential solution to mitigate this vulnerability by injecting triggers into pre-trained language models using only plain text.
Outcome: The proposed learning paradigm inherits the vulnerability from the pre-training stage . it can totally control or severely decrease the performance of prompt-based models .

Similar Papers

Prompt as Triggers for Backdoor Attack: Examining the Vulnerability in Language Models (2023.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: ProAttack is a novel and efficient method for performing clean-label backdoor attacks based on the prompt, which uses the prompt itself as a trigger.
Approach: They propose a method for performing clean-label backdoor attacks based on the prompt, which uses the prompt itself as a trigger.
Outcome: The proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance on several NLP tasks, particularly in few-shot settings.
LinkPrompt: Natural and Universal Adversarial Attacks on Prompt-based Language Models (2024.naacl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Prompt-based learning is a new language model training paradigm that adapts Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) to downstream tasks.
Approach: They propose a prompt-based learning paradigm that adapts Pre-trained Language Models to downstream tasks . they use a gradient-based beam search algorithm to generate adversarial triggers .
Outcome: The proposed model improves performance on various natural language processing tasks by optimizing the prompt template.
Universal Vulnerabilities in Large Language Models: Backdoor Attacks for In-context Learning (2024.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: In-context learning has shown high efficacy in several NLP tasks, especially in few-shot settings.
Approach: They propose a backdoor attack method that poisons demonstration examples and poisons the demonstration context, preserving the model's generality.
Outcome: The proposed method can make models behave in alignment with predefined intentions without fine-tuning the model.
Model-tuning Via Prompts Makes NLP Models Adversarially Robust (2023.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Pre-trained models are typically adapted to downstream tasks by appending a randomly initialized multilayer perceptron to their topmost representation layer and fine-tuning the entire model on a downstream task.
Approach: They propose to append a multilayer perceptron to a CLS token and fine-tune the entire model on a downstream task.
Outcome: The proposed model-tuning via prompts outperforms adversarial training-based state-of-art defenses by 3.5% and improves against adversarials by 8% over standard methods.
The Threat of PROMPTS in Large Language Models: A System and User Prompt Perspective (2025.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Prompts are essential for guiding model output and influencing content generation.
Approach: They propose to attack models with prompt leakage and prompt jailbreak attacks . they summarize the experimental setups of these methods and explore the relationship between prompt threats and prompt injection attacks.
Outcome: The proposed methods summarize the experimental setups and examine the relationship between prompt threats and prompt injection attacks.
Adversarial Robustness of Prompt-based Few-Shot Learning for Natural Language Understanding (2023.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent few-shot learning methods focus on improving downstream task performance, but there is limited understanding of the adversarial robustness of such methods.
Approach: They evaluate prompt-based FSL methods against fully fine-tuned models to better understand the impact of various factors towards robustness.
Outcome: The proposed methods show that they are less robust in the face of adversarial perturbations than fully fine-tuned models.
NOTABLE: Transferable Backdoor Attacks Against Prompt-based NLP Models (2023.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing backdoor attacks against prompt-based learning involve injecting back doors into embedding layers or word embedders.
Approach: They propose a backdoor attack against prompt-based learning that injects backdoors into embedding layers or word embeddable vectors.
Outcome: The proposed backdoor attack outperforms two state-of-the-art models on six NLP tasks and three prompting strategies.
Do Prompt-Based Models Really Understand the Meaning of Their Prompts? (2022.naacl-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent studies show that prompts help models to learn faster in the same way that humans learn faster when provided with task instructions expressed in natural language.
Approach: They experiment with 30 prompts manually written for natural language inference (NLI) they find that models can learn just as fast with many irrelevant or pathologically misleading prompts .
Outcome: The proposed model can learn as fast with irrelevant or pathologically misleading prompts as with instructively “good” prompts.
PromptFix: Few-shot Backdoor Removal via Adversarial Prompt Tuning (2024.naacl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing studies have shown that pre-trained language models can be backdoored such that model behavior is manipulated when trigger tokens are presented.
Approach: They propose a backdoor mitigation strategy for NLP models via adversarial prompt-tuning in few-shot settings that uses two extra sets of soft tokens which approximate the trigger and counteract it respectively.
Outcome: The proposed method keeps model parameters intact and only utilizes two extra sets of soft tokens which approximate the trigger and counteract it respectively.
Are Prompt-based Models Clueless? (2022.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Prompting has reduced the data requirement by reusing the language model head and formatting the task input to match the pre-training objective.
Approach: They propose to examine whether few-shot prompt-based models exploit superficial cues by reusing the model head and formatting the input to match the pre-training objective.
Outcome: The proposed models perform well on instances with superficial cues, but often outperform random accuracy on instances without superficial cuing.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations