Challenge: Recent studies indicate that individuals exhibiting suicidal ideation increasingly turn to social media rather than mental health practitioners.
Approach: They propose a framework leveraging a user’s emotional history and social information from a users neighborhood in a network to contextualize the interpretation of the latest tweet of a Twitter user.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods on this task, showing the benefits of both socially and personally contextualized representations.

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PHASE: Learning Emotional Phase-aware Representations for Suicide Ideation Detection on Social Media (2021.eacl-main)

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Challenge: Recent studies indicate that individuals exhibiting suicidal ideation increasingly turn to social media rather than mental health practitioners.
Approach: They propose a time-and-phase-aware framework that adaptively learns features from a user’s historical emotional spectrum to contextualize suicidal intent.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods while outperforming existing methods.
A Time-Aware Transformer Based Model for Suicide Ideation Detection on Social Media (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Suicide ideation is often linked to a history of mental depression.
Approach: They propose a time-aware transformer based model for preliminary screening of suicidal risk on social media that augments linguistic models with historical context.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms competing models and shows that it is time-aware and contextually useful for suicide risk assessment.
SNAP-BATNET: Cascading Author Profiling and Social Network Graphs for Suicide Ideation Detection on Social Media (N19-3)

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Challenge: Suicide is a leading cause of death among youth worldwide and currently only uses text-based cues to detect suicidal ideation.
Approach: They propose a deep learning based model to extract text-based features from tweets and a novel Feature Stacking approach to combine other community-based information.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms existing models on an annotated dataset of tweets using a three-phase strategy and proposes a novel Feature Stacking approach to combine other community-based information such as historical author profiling and graph embeddings.
A Computational Approach to Feature Extraction for Identification of Suicidal Ideation in Tweets (P18-3)

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Challenge: Suicidal ideation on social media websites is associated with higher suicide rates . suicide is the second leading cause of death among 15-29-year-olds .
Approach: They propose a supervised method for detecting suicidal ideation in tweets using a dataset of manually annotated tweets.
Outcome: The proposed method is compared against four baselines to validate its utility.
A Risk-Averse Mechanism for Suicidality Assessment on Social Media (2022.acl-short)

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Challenge: Social media has become a platform for users to express suicidal thoughts outside traditional clinical settings.
Approach: They propose a risk-averse hierarchical attention classifier that refrains from making uncertain predictions on real-world Reddit data.
Outcome: The proposed system can refrain from 83% of incorrect predictions on real-world Reddit data.
HYPHEN: Hyperbolic Hawkes Attention For Text Streams (2022.acl-short)

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Challenge: Existing methods for text stream modeling ignore fine-grained timing irregularities and time-varying scale-free properties of texts.
Approach: They propose a hyperbolic Hawkes Attention Network which learns a data-driven hyperbolical space and models irregular powerlaw excitations using a Hawke's process.
Outcome: The proposed model can model online text sequences in a geometry agnostic manner.
Leveraging Mental Health Forums for User-level Depression Detection on Social Media (2022.lrec-1)

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Challenge: Existing methods to detect depression on social media platforms are limited due to the vastness of social media content and the lack of linguistic features.
Approach: They propose to optimize the performance of user-level depression classification to lessen the burden on computational resources.
Outcome: The proposed system outperforms baselines across standard metrics for the task of depression detection in text.
Classifying Social Media Users before and after Depression Diagnosis via Their Language Usage: A Dataset and Study (2024.lrec-main)

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Challenge: Mental illness can negatively impact individuals’ quality of life as it is considered one of the causes of years lived with disability and it is related to high suicide rates.
Approach: They collect first dataset of textual posts by same users before and after being diagnosed with depression and build multiple predictive models based on Transformers and BERT.
Outcome: The proposed model can be used to detect depression and suicidal thoughts in users who are not diagnosed with depression or suicide.
Weakly-Supervised Methods for Suicide Risk Assessment: Role of Related Domains (2021.acl-short)

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Challenge: Among social media platforms, Reddit has emerged as the most promising one due to its anonymity and its focus on topic-based communities (subreddits) . a challenge for previous work on suicide risk assessment has been the small amount of labeled data.
Approach: They propose to use social media to collect user data from r/SuicideWatch subreddit and annotate it with user-level suicide risk: no-risk, low-risk and high-risk.
Outcome: The proposed model improves by using pseudo-labeling based on related issues around mental health (e.g., anxiety, depression)
Detecting Gang-Involved Escalation on Social Media Using Context (D18-1)

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Challenge: In cities such as Chicago, gang-involved youth have increasingly turned to social media to post about their experiences and intents online.
Approach: They propose a system that uses domain-specific resources and contextual representations of the emotional and semantic content of the user’s recent tweets and their interactions with other users to detect Aggression and Loss in social media posts.
Outcome: The proposed system improves on a large unlabeled dataset and incorporates contextual representations of the emotional and semantic content of the user’s recent tweets as well as their interactions with other users.

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