| Challenge: | Existing methods for learning natural language understanding are limited in low-resource settings. |
| Approach: | They propose to use rules of grammar to construct and expand rules of grammatical structure of data without human involvement. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods in three benchmark datasets. |
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Self-Training with Weak Supervision (2021.naacl-main)
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| Challenge: | State-of-the-art deep neural networks require large amounts of labeled training data that is expensive to obtain or not available for many tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a weak supervision framework that leverages all available data for a given task . they leverage task-specific unlabeled data through self-training with a model that predicts pseudo-labels for instances that may not be covered by weak rules . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves on state-of-the-art datasets on six benchmark tasks. |
Leveraging Training Dynamics and Self-Training for Text Classification (2022.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is a promising technique for improving deep learning models when training data is scarce. |
| Approach: | They propose a semi-supervised learning approach that leverages training dynamics of unlabeled data. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method achieves an average increase in F1 score of 3.5% over baselines in low resource settings. |
Zero- and Few-Shot NLP with Pretrained Language Models (2022.acl-tutorials)
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| Challenge: | a tutorial aims to introduce NLP researchers to the latest techniques for learning from little-to-no data . aims at bringing interested researchers up to speed about the latest and ongoing techniques . |
| Approach: | They aim to introduce techniques for learning from little-to-no data using pretrained language models. |
| Outcome: | This tutorial aims to bring interested NLP researchers up to speed about recent techniques . it will cover methods from manual engineering, better inference algorithms to better tuning methods . |
Few-Shot Learning with Siamese Networks and Label Tuning (2022.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Recent studies have shown that few-shot text classification is a poor solution for training data-intensive tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a method that embeds texts and labels into classifiers with proper pre-training. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach reduces inference cost by increasing the number of labels and embeddings. |
Neural Networks Against (and For) Self-Training: Classification with Small Labeled and Large Unlabeled Sets (2023.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing models for text classification suffer from the semantic drift problem, which is a problem for self-training. |
| Approach: | They propose a semi-supervised text classifier based on self-training using one positive and one negative property of neural networks. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms ten baseline models in five benchmarks and is additive to language model pretraining. |
Self-training with Few-shot Rationalization (2021.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Recent work focused on training largescale and complex neural network models, but they are opaque in terms of their decision-making process. |
| Approach: | They propose a multi-task teacher-student framework for self-training pre-trained language models with limited task-specific labels and annotated rationales. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model improves performance in low-resource settings by making it aware of its rationalized predictions. |
Revisiting Self-training for Few-shot Learning of Language Model (2021.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Unlabeled data are useful for few-shot learning of language models. |
| Approach: | They propose a prompt-based few-shot learner that uses unlabeled data to fine-tune language models. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art models on six sentence classification and six sentence-pair classification benchmarking tasks. |
Zero-Shot Text Classification with Self-Training (2022.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Recent advances in large pretrained language models have increased attention to zero-shot text classification. |
| Approach: | They propose a plug-and-play method to bridge this gap by requiring only class names along with an unlabeled dataset. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model can be trained on a natural language inference dataset and performs on dozens of unseen tasks without the need for domain expertise or trial and error. |
Self-Training Pre-Trained Language Models for Zero- and Few-Shot Multi-Dialectal Arabic Sequence Labeling (2021.eacl-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing approaches to fine-tune pre-trained language models for downstream tasks require labeled data. |
| Approach: | They propose to self-train pre-trained language models to improve performance on data-scarce varieties by as large as 10% F1 and 2% accuracy. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model improves zero-shot MSA-to-DA transfer by as large as 10% F1 (NER) and 2% accuracy (POS tagging). |
Exploiting Cloze-Questions for Few-Shot Text Classification and Natural Language Inference (2021.eacl-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing approaches to learning from examples are limited due to the vast number of languages, domains and tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a semi-supervised training procedure that reformulates input examples as cloze-style phrases to help language models understand a given task. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach outperforms supervised training and strong semi-supervised approaches in low-resource settings by a large margin. |