Neural Unification for Logic Reasoning over Natural Language (2021.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Automated Theorem Proving (ATP) is a computer program that can show that conjectures are logical consequences of a set of axioms.
Approach: They propose a transformer-based architecture for deriving conjectures given axioms . they propose 'neural unifier' and relative training procedure to train the model .
Outcome: The proposed architectures are able to answer queries with deep queries with a relatively low training time.

Similar Papers

NLProlog: Reasoning with Weak Unification for Question Answering in Natural Language (P19-1)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: ambiguity in natural language is difficult to interpret due to large linguistic variability.
Approach: They propose to use a Prolog prover to extend neural networks with logic programming to solve multi-hop reasoning tasks over natural language.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms baseline models on two question answering tasks and is competitive on the MedHop corpus.
PRover: Proof Generation for Interpretable Reasoning over Rules (2020.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent work shows that transformers can act as “soft theorem provers” by answering questions over explicitly provided knowledge in natural language.
Approach: They propose a transformer-based model that answers binary questions over rule-bases and generates the corresponding proofs.
Outcome: The proposed model generates proofs with an accuracy of 87% while maintaining or improving performance on the QA task.
TRIGO: Benchmarking Formal Mathematical Proof Reduction for Generative Language Models (2023.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Automated theorem proving (ATP) benchmarks focus on symbolic inference but rarely involve understanding complex number combination reasoning.
Approach: They propose a benchmark that requires a model to reduce a trigonometric expression with step-by-step proof and evaluates a generative LM’s reasoning ability on formulas and ability to manipulate, group, and factor number terms.
Outcome: The proposed benchmark evaluates a generative LM’s reasoning ability on formulas and ability to manipulate, group, and factor number terms.
LAMBADA: Backward Chaining for Automated Reasoning in Natural Language (2023.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent advances in automated reasoning with natural text suffer from a combinatorial explosion of the search space and high failure rates for problems requiring longer chains of reasoning.
Approach: They propose a Backward Chaining algorithm that decomposes reasoning into four sub-modules and implements it by few-shot prompted LLM inference.
Outcome: The proposed algorithm achieves sizable accuracy boosts over state-of-the-art forward reasoning methods on two challenging logical reasoning datasets.
LINC: A Neurosymbolic Approach for Logical Reasoning by Combining Language Models with First-Order Logic Provers (2023.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Logical reasoning is an important task for artificial intelligence, says a new study . many prompting-based strategies to enable large language models fail in subtle and unpredictable ways.
Approach: They propose to reformulate logical reasoning tasks by leveraging large language models . they use a modular neurosymbolic programming approach to translate premises and conclusions from natural language to logic .
Outcome: The proposed approach outperforms open-source models on FOLIO and ProofWriter while showing distinct failure modes.
Investigating Transformer-Guided Chaining for Interpretable Natural Logic Reasoning (2023.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Natural logic reasoning has received increasing attention lately, with several datasets and neural models proposed, though with limited success.
Approach: They propose to iteratively perform 1-step neural inferences and chain together the results to generate a multi-step reasoning trace.
Outcome: The proposed method has high accuracies on a multi-hop First-Order Logic (FOL) reasoning benchmark.
Complex Reasoning in Natural Language (2023.acl-tutorials)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent research shows that pretrained language models are often brittle for complex reasoning tasks.
Approach: They propose to use pre-trained language models to teach machines to reason over texts . they will review recent promising approaches to tackling complex reasoning tasks .
Outcome: This tutorial reviews promising approaches to complex reasoning tasks . it reviews the methods that can be used to augment models with robustness .
Can Transformers Reason in Fragments of Natural Language? (2022.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent work on natural language inference has identified two strands of research .
Approach: They investigate whether neural networks have acquired logical principles from natural language . they use transformer-based models to detect valid inferences in controlled fragments of natural language.
Outcome: The proposed model overfits to superficial patterns in the data rather than acquiring the logical principles governing reasoning in natural language fragments.
Augmenting Neural Networks with First-order Logic (P19-1)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing paradigms for training neural networks require large datasets, a paper argues . we present a framework for introducing declarative knowledge to neural networks .
Approach: They propose a framework for introducing declarative knowledge to neural networks . they compile logical statements into graphs that augment a network without extra learnable parameters or manual redesign.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves on three tasks, especially in low-data regimes.
Extractive Fact Decomposition for Interpretable Natural Language Inference in one Forward Pass (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent work in Natural Language Inference (NLI) uses atomic fact decomposition to enhance interpretability and robustness.
Approach: They propose an encoder-only architecture that performs extractive atomic fact decomposition and interpretable inference without generative models.
Outcome: The proposed architecture achieves competitive accuracy and improves robustness out of distribution and in adversarial settings over models based on extractive rationale supervision.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations