Contrastive Out-of-Distribution Detection for Pretrained Transformers (2021.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Pretrained Transformers achieve remarkable performance when training and test data are from the same distribution, but in real-world scenarios, out-of-distribution instances can cause semantic shift problems. |
| Approach: | They propose to fine-tune the Transformers with a contrastive loss, which improves the compactness of representations, and to use the Mahalanobis distance in the model's penultimate layer to detect OOD instances. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms baselines in the real-world and achieves near-perfect OOD detection performance. |
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| Challenge: | Pretrained Transformers are more effective at detecting anomalous or OOD examples, while many previous models are frequently worse than chance. |
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| Challenge: | Existing methods to detect out-of-distribution (OOD) samples are overconfident for real-world language applications. |
| Approach: | They propose a method that constructs a surrogate OOD dataset by sequentially masking tokens related to ID classes. |
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How Good Are LLMs at Out-of-Distribution Detection? (2024.lrec-main)
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| Challenge: | Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for ensuring AI safety . large language models (LLMs) are becoming more prevalent due to their scale, pre-training objectives, and paradigms used for inference. |
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VI-OOD: A Unified Framework of Representation Learning for Textual Out-of-distribution Detection (2024.lrec-main)
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| Challenge: | Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a crucial part of deep neural networks. |
| Approach: | They propose a variational inference framework which maximizes the likelihood of the joint distribution p(x, y) instead of p[y|x). |
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Unsupervised Out-of-Domain Detection via Pre-trained Transformers (2021.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Prior work on out-of-domain detection requires in-domain task labels and is limited to supervised classification scenarios. |
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Enhancing Out-of-Distribution Detection in Natural Language Understanding via Implicit Layer Ensemble (2022.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to discern outliers from the intended data distribution, which is crucial to maintaining high reliability and a good user experience. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that encourages intermediate features to learn layer-specialized representations and assembles them implicitly into a single representation to absorb rich information in the pre-trained language model. |
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A Critical Analysis of Document Out-of-Distribution Detection (2023.findings-emnlp)
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Jiuxiang Gu, Yifei Ming, Yi Zhou, Jason Kuen, Vlad Morariu, Handong Zhao, Ruiyi Zhang, Nikolaos Barmpalios, Anqi Liu, Yixuan Li, Tong Sun, Ani Nenkova
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Improving Unsupervised Out-of-domain detection through Pseudo Labeling and Learning (2023.findings-eacl)
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| Challenge: | Unsupervised OOD detection is a task aimed at discriminating whether given samples are from the in-domain (IND) . previous studies adopted the one-class classification approach, assuming that the training samples come from a single domain. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that leverages latent categorical information to improve representation learning for textual OOD detection. |
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CED: Comparing Embedding Differences for Detecting Out-of-Distribution and Hallucinated Text (2024.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples are limited due to their domain shift and computational limitations. |
| Approach: | They propose a training-free method to detect out-of-distribution (OOD) samples . they theoretically validate that specific auxiliary and oracle samples improve this distinction . |
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Modeling Discriminative Representations for Out-of-Domain Detection with Supervised Contrastive Learning (2021.acl-short)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods of OOD detection only focus on whether a sample is correctly classified . lack of real OOD examples leads to poor prior knowledge about these unknown intents . |
| Approach: | They propose a supervised contrastive learning objective to minimize intra-class variance . they employ an adversarial augmentation mechanism to obtain pseudo diverse views . |
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