Challenge: Compared with general natural language texts, sentences from scientific papers usually possess wider contexts between knowledge elements.
Approach: They propose a novel biomedical Information Extraction model to extract scientific entities and events from English research papers using Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) they construct a sentence-level knowledge graph from an external knowledge base and encode it to improve the model's understanding of complex scientific concepts.
Outcome: The proposed model can extract scientific entities and events from scientific literature and improve its understanding of complex scientific concepts.

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Challenge: Existing language models struggle to generate technical summaries that are on par with those produced by biomedical experts due to the lack of domain-specific background knowledge.
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Large Language Models for Scientific Information Extraction: An Empirical Study for Virology (2024.findings-eacl)

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Challenge: Scholarly communication in the digital age is facing significant challenges due to the overwhelming volume of publications.
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Challenge: Existing methods for information extraction from biomedical texts do not utilize external knowledge . despite the exponential growth of biomedically published articles, many existing methods fall behind .
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Challenge: Biomedical event extraction requires domain-specific knowledge and deep understanding of complex contexts.
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Abstract Meaning Representation Guided Graph Encoding and Decoding for Joint Information Extraction (2021.naacl-main)

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Challenge: Abstract Meaning Representation (IE) and Information Extraction (IE), both focus on extracting the main information from natural language texts.
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Challenge: Biomedical events represent complex, graphical, and semantically rich interactions expressed in the scientific literature.
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COVID-19 Literature Knowledge Graph Construction and Drug Repurposing Report Generation (2021.naacl-demos)

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Challenge: a new framework to digest relevant biomedical knowledge is needed to combat COVID-19 . quantity of research results is a bottleneck, and false information promoted in publications .
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Challenge: Existing methods for extracting structured data from unstructured texts neglect unique features of the biomedical literature, such as ambiguous entities and nested proper nouns.
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Challenge: Biomedical event extraction is critical in understanding biomolecular interactions described in scientific corpus.
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Extracting and Encoding: Leveraging Large Language Models and Medical Knowledge to Enhance Radiological Text Representation (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Advancing representation learning in specialized fields like medicine remains challenging due to the scarcity of expert annotations for text and images.
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