| Challenge: | Existing studies on coreference resolution for Twitter texts show that performance is low. |
| Approach: | They propose to use Twitter conversations to train a system that is originally trained on OntoNotes to improve coreference resolution. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system outperforms existing systems on Twitter by 21.6%. |
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Variation in Coreference Strategies across Genres and Production Media (2020.coling-main)
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| Challenge: | a lack of work on automatic coreference resolution on spoken and written language has led to inconclusive results. |
| Approach: | They propose to use Ontonotes, Switchboard and Twitter to investigate coreference . they find fairly clear patterns of "behavior" for the different genres/medias . |
| Outcome: | The results show that the choice of genre and the medium (spoken versus spoken) relates to the spokenwritten spectrum for coreference strategies. |
Coreference Resolution through a seq2seq Transition-Based System (2023.tacl-1)
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| Challenge: | Recent coreference resolution systems use search algorithms to identify mentions and resolve coreference. |
| Approach: | They propose a text-to-text coreference resolution system that uses a semantic paradigm to predict mentions and links jointly. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system achieves state-of-the-art accuracy on CoNLL-2012 datasets with 83.3 F1-score for English, 68.5 F1 score for Arabic, and 74.3 F1 scores for Chinese. |
Evaluating the Impact of a Hierarchical Discourse Representation on Entity Coreference Resolution Performance (2021.naacl-main)
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| Challenge: | Recent work on entity coreference resolution (CR) follows current trends in Deep Learning . traditional approaches do not make use of hierarchical representations of discourse structure . |
| Approach: | They propose to leverage automatically constructed discourse parse trees within a neural approach to generate anaphoric mentions. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model improves on two benchmark entity coreference-resolution datasets. |
xCoRe: Cross-context Coreference Resolution (2025.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Current coreference resolution systems are limited to short-to-medium-sized documents and struggle to scale to very long documents due to architectural limitations and implied memory costs. |
| Approach: | They propose a unified approach to coreference resolution that unifies two challenging settings . they use a pipeline that first identifies mentions, then creates clusters within individual contexts . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model achieves state-of-the-art results on cross-document benchmarks and strong performance on long-document data while retaining top-tier results on traditional datasets. |
Conundrums in Entity Coreference Resolution: Making Sense of the State of the Art (2020.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | despite significant progress on entity coreference resolution, there is a general lack of understanding of what has been improved. |
| Approach: | They present an empirical analysis of entity coreference resolvers to provide an understanding of what has been improved. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model improves the performance of entity coreference resolvers. |
OntoGUM: Evaluating Contextualized SOTA Coreference Resolution on 12 More Genres (2021.acl-short)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for coreference resolution are unable to evaluate generalizability to open domain data. |
| Approach: | They propose to make an OntoNotes-like coreference dataset publicly available and convert it into an English corpus. |
| Outcome: | The proposed dataset is the largest human-annotated coreference corpus following the OntoNotes guidelines and the first to be evaluated for consistency with the OnToNote's scheme. |
On the Influence of Coreference Resolution on Word Embeddings in Lexical-semantic Evaluation Tasks (2020.lrec-1)
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| Challenge: | Existing word embeddings rely on local information delimited by context windows or dependency parents to predict word relations. |
| Approach: | They propose to use coreference resolution to find all spans of a text that refer to the same entity to improve the F1-Scores. |
| Outcome: | The proposed methods do not benefit significantly from pronoun substitution. |
ezCoref: Towards Unifying Annotation Guidelines for Coreference Resolution (2023.findings-eacl)
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Ankita Gupta, Marzena Karpinska, Wenlong Zhao, Kalpesh Krishna, Jack Merullo, Luke Yeh, Mohit Iyyer, Brendan O’Connor
| Challenge: | Existing datasets vary in definition of coreferences and are curated for linguistic experts. |
| Approach: | They propose to use ezCoref to create a crowdsourcing-friendly coreference annotation methodology that teaches annotators only cases that are treated similarly across existing datasets. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method reannotates 240 passages from seven existing english coreference datasets while teaching annotators only cases that are treated similarly across them. |
Toward Gender-Inclusive Coreference Resolution (2020.acl-main)
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| Challenge: | a recent study shows that coreference resolution systems can be harmful to binary and non-binary trans and cis stakeholders. |
| Approach: | They propose to use gender-based crowd annotations to investigate coreference resolution biases . they use a dataset to examine the complexity of gender in crowd annotation systems . |
| Outcome: | a new study shows that without acknowledging and building systems that recognize gender, we build systems that lead to many potential harms. |
Joint Coreference Resolution and Character Linking for Multiparty Conversation (2021.eacl-main)
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| Challenge: | Character linking is the task of linking mentioned people in conversations to the real world . human use of pronouns or normal entities makes it difficult to link mentioned people to real people . a critical step towards understanding conversations is grounding mentioned people - a goal of the natural language processing community . |
| Approach: | They propose to integrate richer context from the coreference relations among different mentions to help the linking task. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms all previous models on both tasks. |