Challenge: et al. (2017) lexical semantic change analysis is still mostly done for English because of limited resources.
Approach: They present a large-scale manually annotated test set for semantic change modeling in Russian . they use DURel framework to annotate Russian for two long-term time periods .
Outcome: The proposed model performs well, but there are still areas for improvement . the results are promising, but the authors say they need to improve .

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Challenge: Existing models for diachronic and synchronic detection of lexical semantic divergences are superficial and lack of comparison.
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Analysing Lexical Semantic Change with Contextualised Word Representations (2020.acl-main)

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Challenge: Existing studies on lexical semantic change have focused on detecting and characterising word meaning shifts using distributional semantic models.
Approach: They propose a method that exploits the BERT neural language model to obtain representations of word usages, clusters these representations into usage types, and measures change along time with three proposed metrics.
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Swap and Predict – Predicting the Semantic Changes in Words across Corpora by Context Swapping (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Detecting semantic changes of words is an important task for various NLP applications that must make time-sensitive predictions.
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Computational modeling of semantic change (2024.eacl-tutorials)

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Challenge: Languages change constantly over time, influenced by social, technological, cultural and political factors that affect how people express themselves.
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RuSentiment: An Enriched Sentiment Analysis Dataset for Social Media in Russian (C18-1)

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Challenge: RuSentiment is currently the largest in its class for Russian, with 31,185 posts annotated with Fleiss’ kappa of 0.58 (3 annotations per post).
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Definition generation for lexical semantic change detection (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: a number of studies have attempted to bridge the gap between lexical semantic change detection and sense-based LSCD methods.
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Measuring and Modeling Language Change (N19-5)

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Challenge: This tutorial will help researchers answer questions fundamental to the social sciences and humanities .
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Current Semantic-change Quantification Methods Struggle with Semantic Change Discovery in the Wild (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods for lexical semantic-change detection quantify changes in the meaning of words over time.
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Constructing a Lexical Resource of Russian Derivational Morphology (2022.lrec-1)

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Challenge: In Natural Language Processing of Russian, the inflection is satisfactorily processed, but there are only a few machine-trackable resources that capture derivations .
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Diachronic Usage Relatedness (DURel): A Framework for the Annotation of Lexical Semantic Change (N18-2)

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Challenge: Existing frameworks for evaluating lexical semantic change are limited . evaluation of lexicals is a major obstacle in the field of semantic change detection .
Approach: They propose a framework that extends synchronic polysemy annotation to diachronic changes in lexical meaning to counteract lack of resources for evaluating computational models of lexiconal semantic change.
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