Challenge: Existing approaches to improve machine reading comprehension performance on low resource languages are limited due to the lack of sufficient training data.
Approach: They propose to use a mixed MRC task to translate the question to other languages and build cross-lingual question-passage pairs.
Outcome: The proposed task improves on two cross-lingual MRC datasets.

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Cross-Lingual Machine Reading Comprehension (D19-1)

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Challenge: Existing work on machine reading comprehension task is focused on English, but there are few efforts on other languages due to the lack of large-scale training data.
Approach: They propose a cross-lingual machine reading comprehension task for other languages . they propose cloze-style reading comprehension and various neural network approaches .
Outcome: The proposed model improves reading comprehension performance of Chinese datasets over state-of-the-art systems by a large margin over existing systems.
Multi-Passage Machine Reading Comprehension with Cross-Passage Answer Verification (P18-1)

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Challenge: Recent years have seen rapid growth in the MRC community . MRC is believed to be a crucial step in building a general intelligent agent .
Approach: They propose an end-to-end neural model that enables multiple passages to verify each other based on their content representations.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms the baseline on the English MS-MARCO dataset and the Chinese DuReader dataset, and achieves state-of-the-art performance on both datasets.
Sharing, Teaching and Aligning: Knowledgeable Transfer Learning for Cross-Lingual Machine Reading Comprehension (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: X-STA is a new approach for cross-lingual machine reading comprehension . the variation of answer span positions in different languages makes it difficult to transfer knowledge across languages.
Approach: They propose a method that leverages an attentive teacher to subtly transfer the answer spans of the source language to the answer output space of the target.
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art approaches on three multi-lingual datasets.
Improving Machine Reading Comprehension with General Reading Strategies (N19-1)

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Challenge: Recent studies have shown that reading strategies improve comprehension levels for readers lacking adequate prior knowledge.
Approach: They propose three general strategies to improve machine reading comprehension (MRC) by fine-tuning a pre-trained model with strategies and a target task.
Outcome: The proposed models improve non-extractive machine reading comprehension (MRC) on the largest general domain multiple-choice dataset RACE.
Cross-lingual Machine Reading Comprehension with Language Branch Knowledge Distillation (2020.coling-main)

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Challenge: Cross-lingual Machine Reading Comprehension (CLMRC) is a challenging problem due to the lack of large-scale annotated datasets in low-source languages, such as Arabic, Hindi, and Vietnamese.
Approach: They propose a novel approach to augment cross-lingual machine reading comprehension by combining knowledge from multiple language branch models into a single model for all target languages.
Outcome: Extensive experiments on two CLMRC benchmarks show the proposed method is effective and robust to data noises.
Knowledge-Empowered Representation Learning for Chinese Medical Reading Comprehension: Task, Model and Resources (2021.findings-acl)

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Challenge: MRC is a popular task in NLP, aiming to understand a passage and answer the relevant questions.
Approach: They propose a multi-target machine learning task for the medical domain that predicts answers to medical questions and corresponding support sentences from medical information sources simultaneously.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms baselines by fusing context-aware and knowledge-awful token representations.
Cross-Lingual Question Answering over Knowledge Base as Reading Comprehension (2023.findings-eacl)

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Challenge: Existing high-quality xMRC datasets can be further utilized to fine-tune our model.
Approach: They propose a cross-lingual question answering over knowledge base approach that converts KB subgraphs into passages to narrow the gap between KB schemas and questions.
Outcome: The proposed approach outperforms baselines and achieves strong few-shot and zero-shot performance on two xKBQA datasets in 12 languages.
Generalizing Question Answering System with Pre-trained Language Model Fine-tuning (D19-58)

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Challenge: Existing methods focus on improving in-domain performance, leaving open the question of how they can generalize to out-of-domain and unseen RC tasks.
Approach: They propose a multi-task learning framework that learns the shared representation across different tasks and builds on a large pre-trained language model and fine-tuned on multiple RC datasets.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves the BERT-Large baseline by 8.39 and 7.22 respectively.
Cross-Task Knowledge Transfer for Query-Based Text Summarization (D19-58)

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Challenge: Existing methods for summarization data corpora are limited to extractive and abstractive summarizing.
Approach: They propose to use machine reading comprehension (MRC) and query-based text summarization to produce extractive and abstractive summaries from pre-trained MRC and MT models.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms existing methods on CNN/Daily Mail and Debatepedia datasets and can be used as a baseline for future systems.
Cross-lingual and Cross-domain Evaluation of Machine Reading Comprehension with Squad and CALOR-Quest Corpora (2020.lrec-1)

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Challenge: a recent study has shown that language mismatch and domain mismatch can affect performance of a machine reading task . a factor between language mismatched and domain-mismatched has the strongest influence on performance .
Approach: They compare the cross-language and cross-domain capabilities of BERT on a machine reading comprehension task on two corpora: SQuAD and a new French Machine Reading dataset.
Outcome: The proposed model matches human performance on a machine reading comprehension task with BERT on Chinese and French documents with interesting results.

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